This post explores a recent article by Delanie Woodlock, Michael Salter, and Deborah Western (2023) published in Australian Social Work. The article examines the concept of “freedom work” and its importance in feminist domestic violence (DV) advocacy. It highlights how this approach, which prioritises women's freedom and liberation, differs from the dominant focus on safety and risk management.
The Shift from Freedom to Safety in Domestic Violence Work
The authors trace the evolution of DV advocacy in Australia, noting its origins in the feminist movement of the 1970s. Initially, the focus was on women’s liberation and challenging patriarchal structures that perpetuated violence against women. Over time, however, funding cuts and government policies have led to a shift towards a "safety work" model that prioritises risk management and immediate safety planning.
This shift, while necessary for protecting women in the short term, can inadvertently restrict their freedom and autonomy. The authors argue that a focus on safety alone can limit women's choices and perpetuate the control and dominance that perpetrators exert.
The Concept of "Freedom Work"
The article introduces the concept of "freedom work", which encompasses the efforts to create conditions where women are free from male violence and have the space and resources to exercise their agency. This involves addressing the social, economic, and political structures that limit women’s freedoms.
Principles of Freedom Work in Practice
The authors interviewed 10 feminist DV advocates in Australia to understand how they incorporate freedom work into their practice. The findings revealed four key principles:
Feminism is central to survivor-led practice. The advocates grounded their work in feminist principles, recognizing the systemic nature of violence against women and the importance of respecting women’s choices.
Safety work can expand freedom when done from a feminist perspective. While prioritizing safety, the advocates aimed to empower women and expand their “space for action”, rather than further restricting their lives. This involved taking a holistic approach to safety, addressing not just physical safety but also emotional and financial security.
Advocates’ knowledge needs to meet survivors where they are. The advocates recognised the importance of leveraging their expertise and knowledge of the DV sector to support women in navigating systems and making informed choices. They also acknowledged the value of women’s lived experience and the need to work collaboratively in a survivor-led approach.
Freedom is aspirational. The advocates acknowledged that true freedom for women often remains an aspirational goal in a society where patriarchal structures persist. However, they found meaning in supporting women in achieving small victories and moments of “micro-freedom” that could pave the way for broader societal change.
How this research can be used by practitioners
This article offers valuable insights for practitioners working with victims of DV. Here are three key takeaways:
Integrate a feminist perspective into practice: By understanding the systemic nature of DV and the role of patriarchal power structures, practitioners can move beyond a solely safety-focused approach to one that empowers women and promotes their freedom.
Adopt a holistic understanding of safety: Practitioners should consider the multifaceted nature of safety, addressing not just physical safety but also emotional, financial, and social well-being. This requires addressing the various factors that can limit women’s choices and control their lives.
Recognize and celebrate "small wins": While striving for long-term societal change, practitioners should acknowledge and celebrate the small victories and moments of freedom that women achieve in their daily lives. These “micro-freedoms” can contribute to a sense of agency and hope, paving the way for greater liberation.
By incorporating the concept of “freedom work” into their practice, practitioners can help women not only escape violence but also rebuild their lives with autonomy and self-determination.
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